... the Roman Pontiff is not pronouncing judgment

as a private person ...

but rather as the supreme teacher of the universal Church,

as one in whom

the charism of infallibility of the Church herself is

individually present,

he is     expounding or

defending a doctrine of Catholic faith.

The infallibility

promised to the Church

resides also in the body of bishops

when that body exercises supreme teaching

authority

with the successor of Peter ...